Ghana has an uphill climb in its quest for
Networked Readiness. Many positive changes are underway but many
obstacles remain. The now independent government of Ghana is eager
to face the obstacles head on and they believe the future of Information
and Communication Technology (ICT) as an investment worth making.
This paper uses the Harvard University's Center for International
Development Guide called Readiness for the Networked World: A Guide
for Developing Countries framework for evaluating Ghana. It explores
the stage at which Ghana participates in each category of Network
Access, Networked Learning, Networked Society, Networked Economy
and Networked Policy. Additionally, we looked at Ghana's ability
to compete in the outsourcing space.
A brief summarization of each of the categories is as follows:
1. Network Access(Stage 2): High costs and slow speed renders the
Internet useless for anything more than simple e-mail communications
and only easily reached from urban locals. The ten ISPs plus, other
providers, result in an internet penetration of about 170,000 out
of 20 million (.08%). Even though the telecommunication industry
has deregulated, competition and privatization is still evolving.
2. Networked Learning (Stage 2): The domestic economy continues
to revolve around agriculture with 60% of the work force concentrated
there. The Ministry of Education recognized the role the IT industry
could play and are supportive of accepting computer equipment in
schools. However, Ghana¡¦s main focus is on basic education
and reform. There are several universities but only a few offer
degrees in computer related studies. Ghana Vision 2020 has the primary
responsibility for providing the means for the population to acquire
the necessary skills to cope in an increasingly competitive economy.
3. Networked Society (Stage 2): Most of the points of access to
the internet are via cybercafes and roaming telecenters. It is not
common to have access from home. Most of the activity is from e-mail
and content is relatively static.
4. Networked Economy (Stage 2): In business, internet access is
granted only to those at the top. True b-2-b or b-2-c transactions
are few and far between. Demand for electronic business in a society
that deals largely in cash is virtually non-existant. Government
projects drive technology forward and successful projects demonstrate
that technology can have a positive impact to productivity.
5. Networked Policy (Stage 2): Through the help of the NCA (National
Communication Authority), Ghana ensures there is adequate competition
and competent investment in communications. They face challenges
to protect intellectual property and to ensure privacy. World Bank
completed a full ICT study in 1997 that resulted in many positive
initiatives. Policy priorities include tighter monetary and fiscal
policies, accelerated privatization, and improvement of social services.
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