sales data frame: Profit Area Popul Outlets Commiss 1 1011 16.96 3.881 213 1 2 1318 7.31 3.141 158 1 3 1556 7.81 3.766 203 1 4 1521 7.31 4.587 170 1 5 979 19.84 3.648 142 1 6 1290 12.37 3.456 159 1 7 1596 6.15 3.695 178 1 8 1155 14.21 3.609 182 1 9 1412 7.45 3.801 181 1 10 1194 14.43 3.322 148 1 11 1054 6.12 5.124 227 0 12 1157 11.71 4.158 139 1 13 1001 9.36 3.887 179 0 14 831 19.14 2.230 124 1 15 857 11.75 4.468 205 0 16 188 40.34 0.297 85 1 17 1030 7.16 4.224 211 0 18 1331 9.37 3.427 145 1 19 643 7.62 4.310 205 1 20 992 27.54 2.370 166 1 21 795 15.97 3.903 149 1 22 1340 12.97 3.423 186 1 23 689 17.36 2.390 141 0 24 1726 6.24 4.947 233 1 25 1056 11.20 4.166 176 0 26 989 18.09 4.063 187 1 27 895 13.32 3.105 131 1 28 1028 14.97 4.116 170 0 29 771 21.92 1.510 144 1 30 484 34.91 0.741 126 1 31 917 8.46 5.260 234 0 32 1786 7.52 5.744 210 0 33 1063 14.43 2.703 141 1 34 1001 15.37 3.583 158 0 35 1052 11.20 4.469 167 0 36 1610 7.20 4.951 174 1 37 1486 13.49 3.474 211 1 38 1576 6.56 4.637 172 1 39 1665 9.35 3.900 185 1 40 878 11.12 3.766 166 0 41 849 10.58 3.876 189 0 42 775 17.82 3.753 164 0 43 1012 10.03 4.449 193 0 44 1436 10.01 4.680 157 1 45 798 10.70 4.806 200 0 46 519 24.38 2.367 142 0 47 1701 6.57 5.563 199 0 48 1387 6.64 4.357 166 1 49 1717 9.24 4.670 221 1 50 1032 11.62 3.993 180 0 51 973 12.85 3.923 193 0 R output for model 1: Call: lm(formula = Profit ~ Area + Popul + Outlets + Commiss, data = sales) Residuals: Min 1Q Median 3Q Max -812.17 -78.37 22.82 99.55 505.78 Coefficients: Estimate Std. Error t value Pr(>|t|) (Intercept) 700.1498 363.1583 1.928 0.0600 . Area -23.3696 8.2123 -2.846 0.0066 ** Popul 103.9606 62.4528 1.665 0.1028 Outlets 0.7555 1.5057 0.502 0.6182 Commiss 330.1515 67.9409 4.859 1.41e-05 *** --- Signif. codes: 0 ‘***’ 0.001 ‘**’ 0.01 ‘*’ 0.05 ‘.’ 0.1 ‘ ’ 1 Residual standard error: 218 on 46 degrees of freedom Multiple R-squared: 0.66, Adjusted R-squared: 0.6304 F-statistic: 22.32 on 4 and 46 DF, p-value: 2.719e-10 Influence measures of lm(formula = Profit ~ Area + Popul + Outlets + Commiss, data = sales) : dfb.1_ dfb.Area dfb.Popl dfb.Otlt dfb.Cmms dffit cov.r cook.d 1 0.30523 -0.21541 -4.71e-02 -0.278324 -0.192036 -0.3901 1.193 3.05e-02 2 0.01965 -0.02180 -1.70e-02 -0.002072 0.000778 0.0251 1.300 1.29e-04 3 0.02955 -0.13255 -1.69e-01 0.166135 0.078995 0.2672 1.162 1.44e-02 4 0.00622 -0.00650 3.37e-02 -0.037519 0.036418 0.0745 1.195 1.13e-03 5 0.05071 -0.09388 -1.09e-01 0.068611 -0.057814 -0.1389 1.263 3.93e-03 6 0.02667 -0.02324 -9.88e-03 -0.017368 0.026544 0.0654 1.149 8.71e-04 7 0.17236 -0.23938 -1.83e-01 0.031191 0.056214 0.3004 1.126 1.81e-02 8 0.01961 -0.01064 2.26e-03 -0.023970 -0.032942 -0.0542 1.156 5.99e-04 9 0.01287 -0.02040 -1.55e-02 0.004922 0.009271 0.0302 1.195 1.87e-04 10 0.01516 -0.00534 4.53e-03 -0.022144 0.016839 0.0439 1.163 3.94e-04 11 0.07669 0.00491 2.02e-02 -0.161439 0.114639 -0.3144 1.100 1.98e-02 12 -0.03677 -0.02859 -1.54e-01 0.202442 -0.082893 -0.2514 1.213 1.28e-02 13 -0.01714 0.01540 1.31e-02 0.000824 0.020378 -0.0269 1.208 1.48e-04 14 -0.06817 0.03220 3.39e-02 0.045720 -0.008043 -0.1110 1.200 2.51e-03 15 0.06873 -0.05753 -1.31e-02 -0.093173 0.116309 -0.2342 1.094 1.10e-02 16 -0.00192 0.01081 1.97e-03 -0.003102 0.001045 0.0207 1.665 8.77e-05 17 -0.04648 0.08141 1.02e-01 -0.084216 0.093461 -0.1671 1.215 5.68e-03 18 0.06038 -0.05269 -2.04e-02 -0.041160 0.011584 0.0809 1.218 1.34e-03 19 0.25455 0.25761 2.81e-01 -0.684877 -0.659062 -1.2613 0.169 2.20e-01 20 -0.30991 0.35837 6.11e-02 0.221575 0.170556 0.5112 1.142 5.18e-02 21 0.14349 -0.30081 -4.47e-01 0.338283 -0.276757 -0.5966 0.842 6.75e-02 22 -0.00984 -0.02415 -6.05e-02 0.078076 0.057037 0.1309 1.142 3.48e-03 23 0.06053 -0.03842 -4.81e-02 -0.012015 -0.059460 0.0809 1.304 1.34e-03 24 -0.16034 0.03035 -7.95e-04 0.199004 0.154171 0.2924 1.214 1.73e-02 25 0.02056 -0.00821 9.17e-04 -0.015107 -0.043119 0.0578 1.173 6.83e-04 26 0.27075 -0.26761 -2.00e-01 -0.071450 -0.186708 -0.3300 1.164 2.19e-02 27 -0.24375 0.14833 2.13e-02 0.245881 -0.053298 -0.3639 1.048 2.63e-02 28 -0.00501 0.05686 6.54e-02 -0.051541 -0.088570 0.1546 1.155 4.85e-03 29 -0.00967 0.00800 1.90e-02 -0.008065 -0.000177 -0.0251 1.295 1.29e-04 30 -0.04842 0.11800 -5.42e-02 0.072960 0.025291 0.2785 1.414 1.58e-02 31 0.31178 -0.18692 -9.96e-02 -0.311160 0.120694 -0.5615 0.982 6.13e-02 32 -0.46316 0.47503 7.04e-01 -0.113668 -0.171354 1.0044 0.622 1.79e-01 33 -0.01684 0.01347 1.15e-02 0.006414 -0.002427 -0.0233 1.203 1.11e-04 34 0.08498 -0.00340 5.00e-03 -0.081989 -0.160967 0.2133 1.116 9.17e-03 35 0.00702 0.00284 1.34e-02 -0.018287 -0.017630 0.0316 1.211 2.05e-04 36 -0.02342 0.02521 1.09e-01 -0.080331 0.083459 0.1625 1.208 5.37e-03 37 -0.16025 -0.00260 -2.09e-01 0.405563 0.168132 0.4709 1.082 4.39e-02 38 0.01357 -0.01738 4.70e-02 -0.055848 0.055940 0.1168 1.184 2.78e-03 39 0.03338 -0.12245 -9.93e-02 0.092460 0.159957 0.3228 0.927 2.03e-02 40 -0.07070 0.04779 3.17e-02 0.030429 0.082693 -0.1054 1.186 2.27e-03 41 -0.07957 0.08109 1.00e-01 -0.047646 0.141929 -0.1932 1.135 7.55e-03 42 0.00228 -0.01408 -1.14e-02 0.008313 0.017545 -0.0309 1.207 1.95e-04 43 -0.00605 0.00341 6.15e-05 -0.004979 0.044894 -0.0676 1.166 9.32e-04 44 -0.00648 0.01634 4.69e-02 -0.041339 0.027523 0.0627 1.269 8.03e-04 45 0.12129 -0.13602 -1.48e-01 -0.030522 0.169522 -0.3849 0.949 2.89e-02 46 0.01223 0.01415 -8.75e-03 -0.005505 -0.040458 0.0633 1.266 8.19e-04 47 -0.15865 0.20439 4.67e-01 -0.214944 -0.204683 0.7295 0.767 9.87e-02 48 -0.03046 0.03190 -1.66e-02 0.044129 -0.034443 -0.0876 1.190 1.56e-03 49 -0.27500 0.11471 4.98e-02 0.271425 0.245461 0.4244 1.063 3.56e-02 50 0.02138 -0.01285 -1.18e-02 -0.002490 -0.045499 0.0580 1.171 6.87e-04 51 0.00158 -0.00128 -7.02e-03 0.008655 -0.015756 0.0231 1.187 1.09e-04 hat inf 1 0.1495 2 0.1417 3 0.1031 4 0.0732 5 0.1288 6 0.0397 7 0.0965 8 0.0418 9 0.0675 10 0.0446 11 0.0904 12 0.1243 13 0.0770 14 0.0834 15 0.0648 16 0.3295 * 17 0.1052 18 0.0906 19 0.0687 * 20 0.1596 21 0.0914 22 0.0545 23 0.1475 24 0.1345 25 0.0546 26 0.1210 27 0.0862 28 0.0680 29 0.1386 30 0.2329 * 31 0.1184 32 0.1266 * 33 0.0732 34 0.0671 35 0.0791 36 0.0998 37 0.1267 38 0.0747 39 0.0463 40 0.0736 41 0.0694 42 0.0764 43 0.0517 44 0.1234 45 0.0655 46 0.1210 47 0.1039 48 0.0724 49 0.1077 50 0.0535 51 0.0603 Area Popul Outlets Commiss 3.507865 4.780169 2.278589 1.180835 R output for model 2: Call: lm(formula = Profit ~ Area + Outlets + Commiss, data = sales) Residuals: Min 1Q Median 3Q Max -833.3 -107.3 17.8 111.3 596.3 Coefficients: Estimate Std. Error t value Pr(>|t|) (Intercept) 1041.778 305.201 3.413 0.00133 ** Area -33.199 5.814 -5.710 7.36e-07 *** Outlets 1.893 1.367 1.385 0.17255 Commiss 299.451 66.610 4.496 4.52e-05 *** --- Signif. codes: 0 ‘***’ 0.001 ‘**’ 0.01 ‘*’ 0.05 ‘.’ 0.1 ‘ ’ 1 Residual standard error: 222.1 on 47 degrees of freedom Multiple R-squared: 0.6395, Adjusted R-squared: 0.6165 F-statistic: 27.79 on 3 and 47 DF, p-value: 1.741e-10 Influence measures of lm(formula = Profit ~ Area + Outlets + Commiss, data = sales) : dfb.1_ dfb.Area dfb.Otlt dfb.Cmms dffit cov.r cook.d hat inf 1 0.30019 -0.23220 -0.29899 -0.16556 -0.34427 1.205 2.98e-02 0.1473 2 -0.07043 0.07974 0.06330 -0.03228 -0.10689 1.167 2.91e-03 0.0770 3 -0.04093 -0.00831 0.05160 0.06656 0.10636 1.145 2.88e-03 0.0620 4 0.05305 -0.07660 -0.04319 0.04907 0.11513 1.136 3.37e-03 0.0582 5 0.00432 0.00763 -0.00727 0.00987 0.02902 1.146 2.15e-04 0.0501 6 0.02112 -0.01918 -0.02026 0.02509 0.05337 1.127 7.27e-04 0.0388 7 0.04996 -0.09280 -0.03507 0.06610 0.14278 1.129 5.17e-03 0.0605 8 0.02625 -0.01830 -0.02668 -0.03613 -0.05611 1.130 8.03e-04 0.0417 9 -0.00492 0.01315 0.00236 -0.01387 -0.02566 1.146 1.68e-04 0.0497 10 0.02489 -0.01433 -0.02613 0.01880 0.05062 1.135 6.54e-04 0.0442 11 0.10838 -0.01405 -0.17341 0.11509 -0.31844 1.097 2.53e-02 0.0901 12 -0.05960 0.04692 0.05914 -0.01698 -0.07901 1.174 1.59e-03 0.0777 13 -0.03961 0.02876 0.02564 0.05875 -0.07905 1.148 1.59e-03 0.0586 14 -0.08184 0.01549 0.09448 -0.02469 -0.14555 1.153 5.38e-03 0.0756 15 0.07093 -0.06607 -0.10609 0.11879 -0.22302 1.095 1.25e-02 0.0646 16 -0.00453 0.06223 -0.01142 0.00244 0.09495 1.616 2.30e-03 0.3265 * 17 0.02239 0.01799 -0.06842 0.11028 -0.21351 1.103 1.15e-02 0.0657 18 0.02826 -0.02612 -0.02699 0.00848 0.03737 1.189 3.57e-04 0.0849 19 0.50146 0.08036 -0.62643 -0.76492 -1.23122 0.248 2.63e-01 0.0653 * 20 -0.35159 0.47657 0.29469 0.16850 0.53458 1.135 7.06e-02 0.1573 21 -0.09489 0.02157 0.10857 -0.11546 -0.28237 0.964 1.96e-02 0.0400 22 -0.03428 0.01789 0.03648 0.04903 0.07453 1.126 1.42e-03 0.0429 23 -0.04099 0.00557 0.03855 0.04891 -0.06595 1.200 1.11e-03 0.0953 24 -0.19084 0.04357 0.21829 0.15707 0.28631 1.203 2.07e-02 0.1345 25 0.02574 -0.01286 -0.01661 -0.04540 0.05824 1.147 8.65e-04 0.0546 26 0.10293 -0.09588 -0.09811 -0.07409 -0.14133 1.156 5.08e-03 0.0765 27 -0.28267 0.19265 0.28858 -0.06176 -0.36557 1.056 3.31e-02 0.0859 28 0.05004 0.01827 -0.03169 -0.14273 0.18103 1.100 8.27e-03 0.0558 29 0.01058 -0.06621 0.00519 -0.04496 -0.13295 1.130 4.49e-03 0.0591 30 -0.06033 0.14222 0.03418 0.02617 0.17201 1.392 7.54e-03 0.2241 * 31 0.27967 -0.14981 -0.36123 0.13864 -0.49912 1.045 6.11e-02 0.1147 32 -0.08676 -0.04982 0.25433 -0.41434 0.78741 0.569 1.32e-01 0.0643 * 33 -0.04529 0.02703 0.04728 -0.02088 -0.07341 1.145 1.37e-03 0.0554 34 0.10584 -0.01001 -0.08897 -0.16773 0.21209 1.107 1.13e-02 0.0670 35 0.04936 -0.02719 -0.03836 -0.06173 0.08017 1.156 1.64e-03 0.0650 36 0.07579 -0.12535 -0.05739 0.09240 0.19913 1.088 9.98e-03 0.0552 37 -0.24640 0.15498 0.25507 0.17069 0.30867 1.129 2.39e-02 0.1019 38 0.06898 -0.10440 -0.05485 0.06356 0.15141 1.128 5.81e-03 0.0625 39 -0.02474 -0.06585 0.04769 0.17418 0.27549 0.981 1.87e-02 0.0419 40 -0.08578 0.04819 0.06750 0.10324 -0.13488 1.143 4.62e-03 0.0670 41 -0.03557 0.01641 -0.00297 0.15329 -0.21240 1.067 1.13e-02 0.0506 42 0.00311 0.00515 -0.00214 -0.01314 0.01759 1.166 7.90e-05 0.0659 43 -0.00717 0.00475 -0.00546 0.04584 -0.06643 1.141 1.13e-03 0.0517 44 0.08355 -0.08616 -0.07738 0.05285 0.14309 1.117 5.19e-03 0.0543 45 0.03898 -0.03643 -0.09334 0.18559 -0.30279 1.011 2.27e-02 0.0558 46 0.00436 0.01454 -0.00526 -0.01956 0.03100 1.236 2.45e-04 0.1187 47 0.14246 -0.21112 -0.00372 -0.38445 0.62556 0.712 8.84e-02 0.0613 * 48 -0.03412 0.04457 0.02905 -0.02200 -0.06081 1.167 9.44e-04 0.0698 49 -0.30995 0.11760 0.34183 0.24964 0.43658 1.063 4.70e-02 0.1062 50 0.01177 -0.00415 -0.00581 -0.02899 0.03747 1.146 3.58e-04 0.0512 51 0.00109 -0.00205 -0.00232 0.00543 -0.00831 1.153 1.76e-05 0.0547 Area Outlets Commiss 1.694203 1.809202 1.093825